Tuesday, May 19, 2020

The Impact Of Eigenvalues On The Electron Phonon Coupling...

IMPACT OF EIGENVALUES ON THE ELECTRON-PHONON COUPLING STRENGTH OF INDIUM AND ITS BINARY ALLOYS S. K. Chakrabarti Department of Physics Tribhuvan University, MMAM Campus, Biratnagar, Nepal ABSTRACT Indium is a trivalent metal. Though chemically not so reactive, it often forms complexes within its binary alloys. In this theoretical work we have studied the impact of eigenvalues on the electron-phonon coupling strength of indium. We have also dealt with the same for two binary alloys of it viz. indium-magnesium and indium-zinc. First of all we have computed the non-local screened form factor for each of them. For this purpose initially the orthogonalised plane wave parameter is considered as unity. Thereafter Vashishta-Singwi form of exchange and correlation are employed. For indium the Clementi eigenvalues being not available, the experimental energy values have been taken besides the Herman-Skillman core energy eigenvalues. Our results are quite satisfactory for the metal. For the alloys our results lie within the range of values as obtained by other researchers. Our computation reveals that the superconducting state parameter can be reasonably reproduced by Harrison’s f irst principle pseudopotential technique along with McMillan’s formalism provided a proper choice of the core energy eigenvalues is made. Key words: Superconducting state parameter, Orthogonalised plane wave parameter, Core energy eigenvalue, Non-local screened form factor, Harrison’s first principle

Analysis Of I Heard A Fly Buzz When I Died - 996 Words

Emily Dickinson was a prominent poet in the 1800’s and still is today. Never leaving her home, Dickinson developed a unique writing style, a talent for iambic pentameter, and the use of syntax. Dickinson was a writer during the Romantic Era of poetry, where everything was romanticized: death, love, etc. Of her poems, â€Å"I Heard a Fly Buzz- When I Died,† is the most difficult to acquire the meaning from, but also the darkest of all her poems. In the poem, Dickinson describes a scene of a person, on their death bed, surrounded by people. The mood is calm, and serene, but it is interrupted by a buzzing fly. As the poem progresses, the pesky fly is forgotten and Dickinson explains the doleful environment in the room. The poem goes on to†¦show more content†¦Dickinson mentions eyes that have been hung dry. It is implied that the eyes belong to the people in the room, and they have been hung dry on account of the tears that they have wept. The eyes are now hung dry because the people have come to the point of acceptance. In addition, Dickinson describes the reaction of the people in the room. According to Melissa Sammy, â€Å"the narrator states that the mourners have cried until their eyes have become dry, and they are regaining their composure.† (Sammy, 2013) Furthermore, they are also awaiting ‘the king’, or Satan. This is shown when Dickinson expresses: And Breaths were gathering firm For that last Onset—when the King Be witnessed—in the Room— (Dickinson, 1862) The most common misconception about the king is that it symbolizes God. The word â€Å"onset† has a negative meaning therefore, King refers to Satan. The third and fourth stanza both interplay with each other. The fly returns in the third stanza, but now it is named an intruder. In the fourth stanza, Dickinson describes the fly as something blocking out light from the narrator. Flies are frequently associated with decomposition, so the fly, in this case, represents death. According to Shmoop, â€Å"this fly could be a symbol of death, and then his getting in the way of the light could start to seem kind of evil. He’s interrupting the speaker’s progress toward the comforting beauty of the light† (Shmoop Editorial Team, 2008) Going furtherShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis Of I Heard A Fly Buzz When I Died1381 Words   |  6 PagesLater in her life, Dickinson writes about death and the overwhelming presence of death. Her famous poem, I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died, talks about death and the decay of the body. According to Helen Vendler’s Dickinson: Selected Poems and Commentaries, it gives an analysis of the I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died in line 7 of the poem the king will be coming and will reclaim what belongs to him and when he comes it will be witnessed by the bystanders in the room. The King is coming for the deceased andRead MoreAnalysis Of I Heard A Fly Buzz When I Died1137 Words   |  5 PagesEmily Dickinson’s â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz - when I died† describes a death speaker looks back the moment of his or her death. Using the objects like the storm, the fly and the melancholy of the people around to express the mood of the speaker, Dickinson reveals that faces the death, the speaker is afraid at first, but finally, the speaker finds the calmness and peace inside herself or himself. Like â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz - when I died†, After Death also addresses a moment before death. Rossetti uses theRead MoreAn Analysis of I Heard a Fly Buzz- When I Died and Jilting of Granny Weatherall1714 Words   |  7 PagesChrist then they will go to heaven, however, if a person fails to let go of their sins or does not live accept Christ then they will not find eternal life in heaven. Both â€Å"The Jilting of Granny Weatherall† by Katherine Anne Porter and â€Å"I Heard a Fly Buzz- When I Died† by Emily Dickinson depict characters who fail to find salvation after death because of their inability to see God in the physical form; the authors illustrate this using different literary elements including style, symbols and allusionsRead More Analysis of I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died and Because I Could Not Stop for Death by Emily Dickinson593 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died and Because I Could Not Stop for Death by Emily Dickinson Emily Dickinson wrote many poems in her lifetime. She writes two of my favorite poems. They are: ?I heard a Fly buzz when I died? and ?Because I could not stop for Death?. They both have similarities and differences from each other. There are similarities in these two poems such as the theme and the observentness of the narrator. Both of the poems themes involve death. In ?I heardRead MoreAnalysis Of Emily Dickinson s I Heard A Fly Buzz When I 929 Words   |  4 Pagesmatter when or who it is, one could be young, middle-aged, or old. One could be born into wealth, royalty, or poverty. In a perfect world everyone would live to old age and pass away in their sleep, but this isn’t a perfect world and the reality is that death could come at any moment, whether one is ready or not. Many people fear death as it means an end to everything they’ve done in their life while others see it as the next stage of theirs. Emily Dickinson’s â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz-when I died-† showsRead MoreAnalysis Of Emily Dickinson s Emily 1867 Words   |  8 Pagesconsider what the deeper meaning behind the piece may be. I Heard a Fly Buzz—when I died does all that but it also perplexes the reader, making one wonder what was Emily Dickison writing about in this poem? And what is the reader supposed to take away? It begins with the tone, in the very first sentence, I heard a Fly buzz—when I died—, there is a puzzling, almost disbelief on the part of the speaker. They can’t seem to believe that the fly is there, at their deathbed; interrupting what should beRead MoreEmily Dickinson Review and Interpretation of Poems #449, #465, and #7121476 Words   |  6 Pageswill survive years to come due to its revolutionary ideas and its universality. In one of her poems, I died for beauty, but was scarce, one can obviously see the theme of death and the ABCB rhyme scheme. I died for beauty, but was scarce Adjusted in the tomb, When one who died for truth was lain In an adjoining room. He questioned softly why I failed? For beauty, I replied. And I for truth,-- the two are one; We brethren are, he said. And so, as kinsmen met a night, We talked betweenRead MoreEmily Dickinson Poetry Essay1591 Words   |  7 Pagesshe is writing with seriousness and sensitivity. Emily Dickinson was born on December 10th, 1830, in the town on Amherst, Massachusetts. Amherst, 50 miles outside of Boston was becoming well known as a centre for education. â€Å"In 1830, was the time when railroads were beginning to crisscross the country, connecting places that were formerly unreachable; people thought of train travel the way we think of traveling to other planets† (Borus9). During this, the economy was based on agriculture, and mostRead MoreEmily Dickinson As A Poet Of The Dark And Depressive Nature996 Words   |  4 Pagesobscurity and simplicity. She spent little time outside of the family home and died at the premature age of fifty-five. Having had no known romantic relationships or children, she spent her life considerably alone. Aside from her family and the years she was in school, she was never around people who she could become close to or form relationships with. This would have greatly affected her writing style, subjects, and mindset when it c ame to writing. There is little evidence as to why Dickinson was so introvertedRead MoreEssay On Emily Dickinson1348 Words   |  6 Pagesafter her death, her art is now praised with its impact on society. She intrigues readers with prominent themes of life and death and its comparison to living and nonliving aspects. Dickinson’s unique background, interesting purpose of poetry in I heard a Fly buzz, and perplexed criticism makes her poems relevant with age. Dickinson’s background is quite special. Her 55-year lifespan from December 10, 1830 to May 15, 1886 consisted primarily in Amherst, Massachusetts, and more specifically in her bedroom

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The British Petroleum And Bp Oil Spill Essay - 2006 Words

The British Petroleum (BP) Oil Spill occurred in April of 2010 and hurt many people, animals, businesses, and the economy of the many cities it impacted. It is recognized as the â€Å"worst oil spill† in the history of the United States, killing eleven people. The spill occurred due to a leak in a pipe that spilled oil into the Gulf of Mexico. The BP Oil well was not capped until 87 days later, by which 3.19 million barrels of oil had already spilled into the the Gulf of Mexico. The BP Oil spill did not only impact humans but sea animals too, including shrimp, lobsters, dolphins, turtles, and more. To clean up the spill, more chemicals were dumped into the ocean to reduce the size of the oil droplets causing the chemicals to also enter the food chain of these sea creatures as well. Over one thousand miles of the Gulf of Mexico shoreline was affected by the British Petroleum oil spill. But while the BP oil spill caused many damages to the Gulf of Mexico, it also brought some be nefits, including jobs for immigrants and the national economic financial crisis started to withdraw. Panama City and Destin being two cities, well known for their beautiful beaches was severely impacted by this oil spill. Small and big businesses lost plenty of business as this spill occurred during the two cities booming season of summer. If the spill had happened in the winter, it wouldn’t have been as big of a harm on the economy as the majority of Destin and Panama City’s tourists come during theShow MoreRelatedBp s ( British Petroleum ) Oil Spill Crisis2060 Words   |  9 Pagesat BP’s (British Petroleum) oil spill crisis in 2010. It is British multinational oil and Gas Company, their headquarter is based on London, England. According to PFC Energy, it is the fifth-largest company in the world measured by revenues in 2012, and the sixth-largest in oil and gas industry if measured by production in 2012. BP’s annual report states that as of December 2013, BP operates in approximately 80 countries. On April 20, 2010 the explosion and sinking of Deepwat er Horizon oil rig happenedRead MoreEffects Of The British Petroleum Oil Spill1170 Words   |  5 Pages2016 The Major Effects of The British Petroleum Oil Spill The BP Oil spill pumped almost 200 million gallons of crude oil into the gulf of mexico, for approximately 87 days. This became the largest and most devastating oil spill in the United States. The coastlines of Texas, Alabama, Florida, MIssissippi and Louisiana were drastically effected by this horrible oil spill. In the end the BP oil spill negativity impacted more than 16,000 miles of coastline. Even today, oil is appearing on shores, andRead MoreBritish Petroleum Legal Practices And Ethical Responsibilities Within Its Corporation1019 Words   |  5 PagesBritish Petroleum Legal Factors British Petroleum is a multinational corporation that provides fuel for transportation, energy for heat and light, and petrochemicals products for everyday items to its customers. It operates in more than 80 countries and produces approximately 3.2 million barrels of oil per day. Throughout the course of British Petroleum’s life cycle it has been involved in a number of legal dilemmas which related to environmental, safety, and political issues. The purpose of writingRead MoreEssay about Stakeholder Analysis on Bp689 Words   |  3 PagesAssignment # 1 Stakeholder analysis on the British Petroleum oil spill disaster Stakeholder: UK and USA Government The British Petroleum (BP) oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico flowed unabated for three months in 2010. It is the largest accidental marine oil spill in the history of the petroleum industry. This event affected individuals and groups, know as stakeholders, in different ways according to the impact that the catastrophe meant to their situation. The stakeholders treated in this case areRead MoreThe Legal Issues and Ethical Effects of the Deepwater Horizon Explosion and British Petroleum Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico 20101542 Words   |  7 PagesBP Gulf Oil Spill 1 Running Head: BP GULF OIL SPILL The Legal Issues and Ethical Effects of the Deepwater Horizon Explosion and British Petroleum Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico 2010 Terry D. Bollman Park University BP Gulf Oil Spill 2 British Petroleum’s Roll in the Gulf Oil Spill This paper will explain some of the effects of three legal issues and three ethical issues surrounding the London-based British Petroleum Company’s involvement in the explosion of the offshore oilRead MoreOil Spills During The United States Oil1230 Words   |  5 PagesMary McThomas FJS/PHIL 210 December 7, 2015 Oils Spills In the United States oil consumption is an everyday occurrence, for every citizen. Our country without oil would not be able to function properly within all aspects of life. Our political, transportation and economics systems would all encounter drastic affects if there were no oil to transform into petroleum. Due to our huge dependency on petroleum products, oil companies like British Petroleum (BP), Exxon Mobil, and Saudi Aramco hold extremeRead MoreBritish Petroleum and Its Corporate Strategy1595 Words   |  7 PagesBritish Petroleum and its Corporate Strategy Introduction The organisation environment is always changing and therefore it is essential that a structured, detailed and continuous analysis of the principal dimensions of the environment is made. In order to profitably satisfy customer needs, an organisation must understand its external and internal situation including the customer, the market and its own capabilities. Furthermore, it needs to understand and adapt to the dynamic and uncontrollableRead MorePetroleum And Natural Gas Exploration Essay1701 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary April 20, 2010 was the beginning of the end for British Petroleum. BP was started in 1901 by William Knox D’Arcy. Their mission is to operate oil and natural gas exploration, while marketing and distributing all over the globe. The primary issues the company faces are rebuilding their business after the tragic oil spill, their low oil prices and internal leadership promotions. Following the 2010 oil spill, all of BP’s top executives were fired, and the company has continuedRead MoreBritish Petroleums Crisis Handling Practice1113 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION In 2010 British Petroleum’s Deepwater Horizon oilrig1 suffered a devastating explosion that resulted in the death of 11 workers and initiated the largest marine oil spill the world had or has ever seen (Pallardry). This spill also became the largest offshore environmental disaster in United States history (Elliot). Over 200 million gallons of crude oil were pumped into the Gulf of Mexico (Hoch), polluting over 16,000 coastal miles in the states of Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, MississippiRead MoreThe British Petroleum Oil Spill and Lack of Response Essay examples1453 Words   |  6 PagesThe British Petroleum Oil Spill and Lack of Response Last year, news spread of an oil spill off the Gulf Coast. These events occur periodically and usually register much media attention. As British Petroleum (BP) executives could not shut off the crude oil or prevent the damage it caused, people took notice. Millions of dollars in tourism, commerce and sales were lost. Thousands of wildlife acres and ecosystems were also compromised. There were more questions than answers. What BP did to alleviate

`` A One Hour Long Film Produced By Media Education...

A one-hour long film produced by Media Education Foundation and directed by Sut Jhally, Tough Guise is a documentary released in 1999. The film features Jackson Katz - an anti-violence educator, filmmaker and author – who, as the title of the film itself implies, speaks about representations of violence and hypermasculinity prevalent in our social media, and how this affects our society as a whole. The film starts with the narrator, Jackson Katz, underlining the extreme notion of masculinity that is presented in our everyday lives. Contrary to popular beliefs, masculinity is a projection that is put up by men and not a fixed state of being. The ‘tough guise’, defined by Katz as â€Å"the front that so many men put up that s based on the extreme notions of masculinity that emphasizes toughness and physical strength and gaining the respect and admiration of others through violence or the implicit threat of it†, becomes the main issue that affects people who identify as male. When Katz brought up the meaning of a man, the film intercuts to scenes of interviewed teenagers who used words like ‘tough’, ‘independent’, ‘muscular’, ‘strong’, and ‘powerful’ to describe their ideas of a man. When asked to describe a man who does not conform to these standards, the teenagers used words like ‘wussâ₠¬â„¢, ‘sissy’, ‘weak’, ‘bitch’, and ‘fag’ instead. This scene truly underlines the widespread binary gender roles that are seen as common and universal among adolescents. In a sense, this influential

Frank Lloyd Wright biography Essay Example For Students

Frank Lloyd Wright biography Essay Frank Lloyd Wright was born on June 8, 1867 in Richard Center, Wisconsin, and died on April 9, 1959 in Phoenix, Arizona, at the age of 91. He was the sun of William Cary Wriight and Anna Lloyd Jones. A preacher and teacher respectively. He had two younger sisters Jane and Maginel to whom I could find no further referance. His early life was nomadic, He lived in Rhode Island, Iowa, and Massachusetts, in addition to Wisconsin. His familly finally settled in Madison, Wisconsin in 1878 where he lived until he was 20. In 1885, his parents divorced and he never saw his father again. To help support his familly, Wright worked for Allan Conover, a Dean of the University of Wisconsins Dept. Of Engineering. He also spent two semesters studying civil engineering at U.W. And assisted Josepu Lyman Silsbee draft and supervise the construction of the Unity Chapel. In 1887, Wright left Madison and moved to Chicago, Illinois where he took a drafting job with the firm of Alder and Sullivan. Louis Sullivan was one of the few influences that Wright ever acknowledged. They both believed in American architecture based on American themes not on traditional or European styles. Wright and Sullivan suddenly broke their partnership in 1893 when Sullivan found out that Wright had been accepting commisions for bootleg house designs on his own, which violated a previous agreement made by both men. After parting wats with Sullivan he formed his own firm. They later renewed their friendship. In 1889, at the age of 22 he maried Catherine Tobin who he had six children with Lloyd, John, Catherine, David, Frances, and Llewellyn. Wrights first master piece from his own firm was the Winslow House built in 1893 in River Forest, Illinois. The Winslow House portrayed Wrights concept of Organic Architecture which is architecture that forms a natural link between mankind and his enviroment. Some of Wrights more notables designs of this period were for Prairie Houses. Theses houses resembled the long, low prairies which they sat on. This movement became known as the The Prairie School. Even though Wright rejected the label, he became its chief practitioner. Wright believed in the machine and gave one of his most famous speachs The Arts and Crafts of Machines in 1901 at the Hull House in Chicago which marked the first acceptance by an American architect of the machine. The Arts and Craft movement believed that the machine was responsible for much of the decline in quality craftsmanship. Wright contrasted this concept and urged the machines use ot bring out the simplicity and beauty of wood. This emphasis on simplicit y and his insistence on using natural materials be treaed naturally, was a hallmark of his work. Some of Wrights more important works during this period are the Matrin House, Robie House, Larkin Building, and Unity Temple. In 1909, Wright left his familly and America behind, and went to Europe with Mamah Borthwick Cheney, who was one of his clients wife. While in Europe he worked on two portfolios Ausgefurhte Bauten and Entwurfe in 1910 and Ausgefrute Bauten in 1911 both of which were published and brought him into the international spotlight and greatly influenced other architects. In 1911, Wright returned to America and began construction of his home, Taliesin, near Spring Green, Wisconsin. He resumed his practice and recieved a huge commission for an entertainment center in Chicago, the Midway Gardens. In 1914, a crazed servent set the living quarters of Taliesin ablaze killing Mamah Cheney, her two childrem, and four others. Although stunned by the tragedy, he rebuilt Taliesin. Sometime afterwards he met a sculptress Miriam Noel, who he maried(and divorced in 1927) Wright spent close to 6 years workin on Tokyos Imperial Hotel, known for its earthquake resistance. It was one of the only few building to survive the Kanto earthquake of 1923. Also during this period, he began designing many California residence like the Hollyhock House and the Millard House. The Millard House was Wrights first use of textile blocks. In 1925, Taliesins living quarters again ignited except this time by electrical problems triggered by lightening. He rebuilt it again. .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09 , .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09 .postImageUrl , .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09 , .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09:hover , .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09:visited , .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09:active { border:0!important; } .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09:active , .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09 .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0cc48914eba2deaf28469e7e45ce8d09:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Gothic Architecture EssayIN 1928, he married Olga Lazovich, daughter of Chief Justice Montenegro. With his architect buisness slowing down, he went ot writing and lecturing which again put in a broader national spotlight. In 1932, now 65 years old, he published An Autobiography and The Disappearing City both of which would influencee multiple generations of young architects to come. During the Great Depression, Wright and his wife Olgivanna created an architectual school at Taliesin. It was known as the Taliesin Fellowship. There pupils were taught architecture, construction, farming, gardening, cooking, and many other things. In 1927 , visted Arizona when asked to collabe rate on designs for the Arizona Building. He then fell again into more hardships and finally made his comback in 1936 with several important commisions. In 1937, he decided to move his permenant winter residence to Arizona where he and the Taliesin Fellowship set up a winter camp known as Taliesin West. There he began designs on his Usonian homes which would become as popular as his Prairie Houses. In his Final Decades, he made many lecatures such as Sixty Years of Living Architecture and The Natural House. He also did the final work on the Guggenheim Musseum in New York. Most of his life he had done residentual designs, but in the end he did mainly public buildings. The Guggenheim was completed after his death.

Container Line Mergers and Acquisitions †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Container Line Mergers and Acquisitions. Answer: Introduction Erosion of shipping rate resulted in issues within container shipping industry. Numerous shipping companies resulted in losses in 2016. Lack of sustainable profit levels result in increased industry consolidation that serves as a vital trend in mergers and acquisitions (Adamopoulos 2017). Container shipping industry is segmented and consolidation might facilitate careers to generate economies of scale. The objective of this paper is to analyze the operational and managerial characteristics of the container liner sector through explain the case of NYK-MOL-K.Line. Moreover, the trends towards concentration in the market-place via the process of mergers acquisitions are explained through taking the example of this company in this paper. Operational and Managerial Characteristics of the Container Liner Sector Container line is a service industry that offers cargo transportation of international trade. Operations of shipping are categorized into sectors: Bulk shipping which offers services majorly regarding raw materials transportation that includes coal, crude oil, grain and iron ore (Alexandrou, Gounopoulos and Thomas 2014). Liner shipping that offers services in transportation of semi-final and final products like manufacturing product, computers and consumer products. Considering these two operations of container line sector it is observed that Japanese lines such as Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha(K Line), NipponYusenKabushiki Kaisha(NYK), and Mitsui O.S.K. Lines (MOL) are jointly going to operate being Ocean Network Express (Cosco 2017). The major trends in the containership industry that resulted in such merger are a general concern in the long term financial health of steamship lines. Such joint venture is deemed to generate sixth biggest carrier by size along with overall capacity of around 1.4 million along with control of around 7% market share. Stakes within the joint venture are segmented by carrier size, in which NYK attains fleet capacity of 592,000 TEU and K line with MOL wit around 31% each that has capacities of around 358,000 and 491,000 TEUs (David 2003). Through this acquisition, through such type of international alliance extreme scale benefits can be attained. This is made sure through proper management of highly frequent service, lesser transit times, broader port coverage and decreased slot costs. Acquisition has also ensured proper management of the merged shipping companies through maintaining a stringer bargaining situation for negotiating with container depots, terminal operators along with inland transportation carriers (Lau 2015). From the merger of NYK-MOL-K.Line, three Japanese companies ensured better management of their business operations through making greater efforts in cutting costs and with business restructuring. However, there are certain limits regarding the aspects that can be individually attained. After the merger, these companies intended to improve its business operations as these companies were dealing with issues regarding citing low prices, sluggish cargo demand along with trade capacity over supply (Lee and Song 2015). Such merger is deemed to facilitate companies in better management of their business operations, for the joint venture company is anticipated to generate certain synergy impact through using best practices conducted by three companies. Through attaining advantage of scale merit of vessel fleet that is around 1.4 million TEUs, the merged companies can seek rapid stabilization of financial performance (Luo, Fan and Wilson 2014). Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha(K Line), NipponYusenKabushiki Kaisha(NYK), and Mitsui O.S.K. Lines (MOL) integrated their container operations. This merger is deemed to ensure technological advancements in ship construction and design along with ensuring economies of scale for bigger ships that can promote trade, specifically that of developing country through making goods transportation economical over long distances (Notebook, Parola, Satta and Pallis 2017). Such merger is deemed to facilitate Ocean Network Express in better addressing consumer needs through offering superior quality competitive services by consolidation and improvement of three companies within international network along with service structures. Operational cooperation of such merger is explained below as: Terminal contracts and joint terminals Joint mainliner services Joint purchase or ship ownership Joint purchase or container usage Joint container depots Jointly managed container nd equipment pools Joint EDI systems Trends towards Concentration in the Market-Place via Mergers Acquisitions Merger of NYK-MOL-K.Line explained trends within the marketplace that is attained through merger and acquisitions. These three companies were cooperating in services or products through agreements of vessel sharing along with alliance scheme (Pallis, Notteboom and De Langen 2015). The major trends in the containership industry that resulted in such merger are a general concern in the long term financial health of steamship lines. Shippers observed a trend that attaining more choices are healthy for the sector and facilitates in balancing out requirements of supply chain. The shipping companies in the recent years consider carrying out an incessant drive for cutting costs by deployment of bigger ships (Luo, Fan and Wilson 2014). Moreover, containers are simply carried by particular cellular container ships among which are capable to carry around 5000 TEUs (Papanikolaou 2015). Shipping industry has invested huge amounts for addressing the technological needs. Advanced container termina ls stocked with effective quaky cranes has been developed along with efficient operational forms encompassing privatization implemented for increasing shipping operations of NYK-MOL-K.Line (Luo, Fan and Wilson 2014). Regularity and service frequency that are two imperatives associated with liner shipping in alignment with deploying huge container ships might result in decreased capacity use for individual carriers. From the case of NYK-MOL-K.Line it is evident that shipping liners are greatly focused on resource sharing and alliances rather than getting involved in merger and acquisition (Stopford 2009). It is also gathered that, activity of merger and acquisition is attaining momentum in shipping terminals sector for the investors are greatly focused on strategic purchasing options. Recent trends in merger and acquisition in shipping industry has drastically increased as numerous nations are focused on developing better and associated infrastructure. Port congestion because of bigger ships along with increase in shipping mergers served as a concern that is greatly impacting terminal businesses. Within ship owning spectrum the recent trends regarding increased capital intensive strategies are int ended to capture economies of scale along with decreasing costs and financial risks (Alexandria, Giannopoulos and Thomas 2014). A combination of numerous trends is deemed to be transformed within the shipping sector over years. Regulatory changes along with larger vessels use, financial crisis along with high competition has resulted in container shipping organizations to reveal different collaboration ways from alliances which offers them increased security since (Alexandrou, Gounopoulos and Thomas 2014). Such merger is deemed to facilitate companies in better management of their business operations, for the joint venture company is anticipated to generate certain synergy impact through using best practices conducted by three companies. Through attaining advantage of scale merit of vessel fleet that is around 1.4 million TEUs, the merged companies can seek rapid stabilization of financial performance (Luo, Fan and Wilson 2014). Conclusion The objective of this paper is to analyze the operational and managerial characteristics of the container liner sector through explain the case of NYK-MOL-K.Line. It is gathered from the paper that from the merger of NYK-MOL-K.Line, three Japanese companies ensured better management of their business operations through making greater efforts in cutting costs and with business restructuring. However, there are certain limits regarding the aspects that can be individually attained. It was also gathered that Liner shipping that such merger offers services in transportation of semi-final and final products like manufacturing product, computers and consumer products. After the merger, these companies intended to improve its business operations as these companies were dealing with issues regarding citing low prices, sluggish cargo demand along with trade capacity over supply. References Adamopoulos, A., 2017. Classification societies put to the test by complex boxship design. Lloyds List 26.9.17. Accessed 02.10..17. Alexandrou, G., Gounopoulos, D. and Thomas, H.M., 2014. 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